Page 467 - 35_DS702_E_2014_Lightning_Protection_Guide

Figure 5.5.3.1 Ring earth electrode around a residential building . . . . . 140 Figure 5.7.2.7 Comparison of step voltages in the reference model of
Figure 5.5.4.1 Couplings of DEHN earth rods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 several ring earth electrodes considering the correction
factor for the reaction of a human body: Soil ionisation is
Figure 5.5.4.2 Driving an earth rod into the ground by means of a not considered (left), soil ionisation is considered (right). . 163
hammer frame and a vibration hammer . . . . . . . . . . 141
Figure 5.8.1 Test in a salt mist chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Figure 5.5.6.1 Intermeshed earth-termination system of an industrial Figure 5.8.2 Test in a Kesternich chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Figure 5.8.3 New and artificially aged components . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Figure 5.5.7.1.1 Application example of a non-polarisable measuring
electrode (copper / copper sulphate electrode) for tapping Figure 5.8.4 Test combinations for MV clamps (parallel and cross
a potential within the electrolyte (cross-sectional view) . . 143 arrangement). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Figure 5.5.7.2.1 Galvanic cell: Iron / copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Figure 5.8.5 Specimen (MV clamp) fixed on an insulating plate for a
test in an impulse current laboratory. . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Figure 5.5.7.2.2 Concentration cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Figure 5.8.6 Tensile test of conductors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Figure 5.5.7.2.3 Concentration cell: Iron in the soil / iron in concrete . . . . 145
Figure 5.5.7.2.4 Concentration cell: Galvanised steel in the soil / steel Figure 5.8.7 Flashover along the DEHNiso spacer made of GRP. . . . . 168
(black) in concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Figure 5.9.1 Definitions according to EN 50511, Figure 1 . . . . . . . . 169
Figure 5.6.1 Principle of the separation distance . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Figure 5.9.2 Single-pole fault in a transformer station with integrated
main low-voltage distribution board . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Figure 5.6.2 Material factors for an air-termination rod on a flat roof. . 150
Figure 5.6.3 k m in case of different materials with air clearance . . . . 150 Figure 5.9.3 Schematic diagram of the earth-termination system at a
transformer station (source: Niemand / Kunz; “Erdungs-
Figure 5.6.4 k m in case of different materials without air clearance . . . 150 anlagen”, page 109; VDE-Verlag) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Figure 5.6.5 Air-termination mast with k c = 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Figure 5.9.4 Connection of an earth rod to the ring earth electrode of
Figure 5.6.6 Determination of k c in case of two masts with spanned the station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
cable and a type B earth electrode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Figure 5.9.5 Current carrying capability of earth electrode materials . . 173
Figure 5.6.7 Determination of k c in case of a gable roof with two Figure 5.9.6 Corrosion of a galvanised earth rod after 7 years . . . . . 174
down conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Figure 5.9.7 Corrosion of a galvanised earth rod (below) and a stain-
Figure 5.6.8 Gable roof with four down conductors . . . . . . . . . . . 153 less steel earth electrode (above) after 2.5 years. . . . . . 174
Figure 5.6.9 Values of coefficient k c in case of a meshed network Figure 6.1.1 Principle of lightning equipotential bonding consisting of
of air-termination conductors and a type B earthing lightning and protective equipotential bonding . . . . . . 177
arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Figure 6.1.2 K12 equipotential bonding bar, Part No. 563 200 . . . . . 179
Figure 5.6.10 Values of coefficient k c in case of a system consisting Figure 6.1.3 R15 equipotential bonding bar, Part No. 563 010 . . . . . 179
of several down conductors according Figure C.5 of Figure 6.1.4 Earthing pipe clamp, Part No. 407 114 . . . . . . . . . . . 179
IEC 62305-3 (EN 62305-3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Figure 6.1.5 Earthing pipe clamp, Part No. 540 910 . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Figure 5.6.11 Current distribution in case of several conductors . . . . . 154
Figure 5.6.12 Example: Roof-mounted structure; system with several Figure 6.1.6 Through-wired equipotential bonding bar . . . . . . . . . 179
down conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 Figure 6.2.1 DEHNbloc M for installation in conformity with the
lightning protection zone concept at the boundaries
Figure 5.7.1 Step and touch voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
from 0 A – 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Figure 5.7.2 Potential control – Basic principle and curve of the Figure 6.2.2 DEHNventil combined arrester for installation in con-
potential gradient area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 formity with the lightning protection zone concept at
Figure 5.7.3 Possible potential control in the entrance area of a the boundaries from 0 A – 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Figure 6.3.1 Lightning equipotential bonding with an isolated air-
Figure 5.7.4 Potential control for a floodlight or mobile phone mast . . 157 termination system and a HVI Conductor for professional
Figure 5.7.5 Connection control at the ring / foundation earth electrode . 157 antenna installations according to IEC 62305-3
(EN 62305-3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Figure 5.7.1.1 Area to be protected for a person . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Figure 6.3.2 Isolated installation of a lightning protection system and
Figure 5.7.1.2 Design of a CUI Conductor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 a mobile phone antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Figure 5.7.1.3 Withstand voltage test under wet conditions . . . . . . . 159 Figure 6.3.3 EMC spring terminals for the protected and unprotected
Figure 5.7.1.4 CUI Conductor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 side of a BLITZDUCTOR XT for permanent low-impedance
shield contact with a shielded signal line; with snap-on
Figure 5.7.1.5 a) Loop formed by a down conductor and a person insulating cap for indirect shield earthing, cable ties and
b) Mutual inductance M and induced voltage U i . . . . . . 160
insulating strips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Figure 5.7.2.1 HUGO model with feet in step position acting as contact Figure 6.3.4 Lightning current carrying shield connection system (SAK) 183
points (source: TU Darmstadt) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Figure 6.3.5 Lightning equipotential bonding for the connection of a
Figure 5.7.2.2 Reference system for information on the step voltage . . . 161
telecommunications device by means of BLITZDUCTOR XT
Figure 5.7.2.3 Comparison of the step voltages in the reference model (use permitted by Deutsche Telekom). . . . . . . . . . . . 184
when using several ring earth electrodes: Soil ionisation Figure 6.3.6 Lightning current carrying DEHN equipotential bonding
is not considered (left), soil ionisation is considered (right) 162
enclosures (DPG LSA) for LSA-2/10 technology . . . . . . 184
Figure 5.7.2.4 Person loading the step voltage on the soil surface . . . . 162
Figure 7.1.1 Overall view of the lightning protection zone concept
Figure 5.7.2.5 Highly simplified model of a human body to test its according to IEC 62305-4 (EN 62305-4) . . . . . . . . . . 187
reaction to step voltage (marked in red) . . . . . . . . . . 162 Figure 7.1.2a Lightning protection zone concept according to
Figure 5.7.2.6 Reaction of a human body to the arising step voltage . . . 163 IEC 62305-4 (EN 62305-4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
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