Page 466 - 35_DS702_E_2014_Lightning_Protection_Guide

Figure 5.2.4.13 Integration of an antenna in an existing lightning pro- Figure 5.5.11 Earth resistance R A of crossed surface earth electrodes
tection system by means of a HVI Conductor. . . . . . . . 107 (90 °) as a function of the burial depth . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Figure 5.2.4.14 HVI Conductor installed on a radio tower . . . . . . . . . 107 Figure 5.5.12 Earth potential U E between the supply line of the earth
Figure 5.2.4.15 HVI Conductor installed on a gas pressure control and electrode and the earth surface of crossed surface earth
measurement system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 electrodes (90 °) as a function of the distance from the
cross centre point (burial depth of 0.5 m) . . . . . . . . . 124
Figure 5.2.4.16 Version for use in hazardous areas 1, metal façade . . . . 109 Figure 5.5.13 Conventional earthing impedance R st of single-arm or
Figure 5.2.4.17 Version for use in hazardous areas 2, metal façade . . . . 109 multiple-arm surface earth electrodes of equal length . . . 125
Figure 5.2.4.18 Protection of a biogas fermenter by means of a Figure 5.5.14 Reduction factor p for calculating the total earth resis-
HVI Conductor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 tance R A of earth rods connected in parallel . . . . . . . . 125
Figure 5.4.1 Examples (details) of an external lightning protection Figure 5.5.15 Earth resistance R A of surface earth electrodes and earth
system installed on a building with a sloped tiled roof. . . 111 rods as a function of the earth electrode length I . . . . . 127
Figure 5.4.2 Air-termination rod for a chimney . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Figure 5.5.1.1 Minimum lengths of earth electrodes . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Figure 5.4.3 Application on a flat roof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Figure 5.5.1.2 Type B earth electrode – Determination of the mean
Figure 5.4.4 Dimensions for ring earth electrodes . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 radius – Sample calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Figure 5.4.5 Points threatened by corrosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Figure 5.5.1.3 Type B earth electrode – Determination of the mean
radius – Sample calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Figure 5.4.1.1 Air-termination system – Expansion compensation by
means of a bridging braid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Figure 5.5.2.1 Foundation earth electrode with terminal lug . . . . . . . 129
Figure 5.4.2.1a External lightning protection system of an industrial Figure 5.5.2.2 Mesh of a foundation earth electrode . . . . . . . . . . . 130
building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Figure 5.5.2.3 Foundation earth electrode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Figure 5.4.2.1b External lightning protection system of a residential Figure 5.5.2.4 Foundation earth electrode in use . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Figure 5.5.2.5 Fixed earthing terminal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Figure 5.4.2.2 DEHNsnap and DEHNgrip conductor holders. . . . . . . . 115
Figure 5.5.2.6 Meshed foundation earth electrode . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Figure 5.4.3.1 Conductor holder with DEHNsnap for ridge tiles . . . . . . 116 Figure 5.5.2.7 Diameters of reinforcing steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Figure 5.4.3.2 SPANNsnap with DEHNsnap plastic conductor holder . . . 116 Figure 5.5.2.8 Bridging braid with fixed earthing terminals . . . . . . . . 132
Figure 5.4.3.3 FIRSTsnap for mounting on existing ridge clips. . . . . . . 116 Figure 5.5.2.9 Bridging a foundation earth electrode by means of an
Figure 5.4.3.4 UNIsnap roof conductor holder with pre-punched brace – expansion strap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Used on pantiles and smooth tiles (e.g. pantile roofs) . . . 116 Figure 5.5.2.10 Membrane of foundation slabs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Figure 5.4.3.5 UNIsnap roof conductor holder with pre-punched brace – Figure 5.5.2.11 Use of dimpled membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Used on slated roofs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Figure 5.4.3.6 FLEXIsnap roof conductor holder for direct fitting on the Figure 5.5.2.12 Dimpled membrane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
seams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Figure 5.5.2.13 Arrangement of the foundation earth electrode in case
Figure 5.4.3.7 Roof conductor holder for hanging into the lower seam of a “white tank” according to the German DIN 18014
standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
of pantile roofs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Figure 5.4.3.8 ZIEGELsnap for fixing between flat tiles or slabs . . . . . . 117 Figure 5.5.2.14 Three-dimensional representation of the ring earth
electrode, functional equipotential bonding conductor
Figure 5.4.3.9 PLATTENsnap roof conductor holder for overlapping and connections via pressure-water-tight wall bushings . . 134
constructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Figure 5.5.2.15 Wall bushing installed in the formwork . . . . . . . . . . 135
Figure 5.5.1 Earth surface potential and voltages in case of a current Figure 5.5.2.16 Test setup (sectional view) with connection for the
carrying foundation earth electrode FE and control earth pressure water test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
electrode CE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Figure 5.5.2 Current flowing out of a spherical earth electrode . . . . . 120 Figure 5.5.2.17 Waterproof wall bushing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Figure 5.5.3 Earth resistance R A of a spherical earth electrode with Figure 5.5.2.18 Bituminous sheetings used as sealing material. . . . . . . 135
20 cm, 3 m deep, at ρ E = 200 Ωm as a function of the Figure 5.5.2.19 Arrangement of the earth electrode in case of a “black
distance x from the centre of the sphere . . . . . . . . . . 120 tank” according to the German DIN 18014 standard. . . . 136
Figure 5.5.4 Earth resistivity ρ E in case of different types of soil . . . . 121 Figure 5.5.2.20 Ring earth electrode in case of perimeter insulation;
Figure 5.5.5 Earth resistivity ρ E as a function of the time of year source: Company Mauermann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
without precipitation effects (burial depth of the earth Figure 5.5.2.21 Detailed view of a ring earth electrode; source:
electrode < 1.5 m) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Company Mauermann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Figure 5.5.6 Determination of the earth resistivity ρ E by means of a Figure 5.5.2.22 Arrangement of the foundation earth electrode in case
four-terminal measuring method (WENNER method). . . . 121 of a closed floor slab (fully insulated) acc. to the German
Figure 5.5.7 Earth resistance R A as a function of length I of the surface DIN 18014 standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
earth electrode in case of different earth resistivities ρ E . . 122 Figure 5.5.2.23 Perimeter insulation: Foam glass granulate is filled in;
Figure 5.5.8 Earth potential U E between the supply line of the earth source: TECHNOpor Handels GmbH . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
electrode and the earth surface as a function of the dis- Figure 5.5.2.24 Foundation earth electrode for pad foundations with
tance from the earth electrode in case of an strip earth terminal lug; source: Wettingfeld, Krefeld . . . . . . . . . 138
electrode (8 m long) in different depths . . . . . . . . . . 122 Figure 5.5.2.25 Spacer with cross unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Figure 5.5.9 Maximum step voltage U S as a function of the burial Figure 5.5.2.26 Arrangement of the foundation earth electrode in
depth for a stretched strip earth electrode . . . . . . . . . 122 case of a strip foundation (insulated basement wall)
Figure 5.5.10 Earth resistance R A of earth rods as a function of their according to the German DIN 18014 standard . . . . . . . 139
length I in case of different earth resistivities ρ E . . . . . . 123 Figure 5.5.2.27 Fresh concrete with steel fibres. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

www.dehn-international.com LIGHTNING PROTECTION GUIDE 465