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±I                                      ±I
                     first short stroke

                                                                       long stroke


                  positive or negative  t                 positive or negative          t

                 –I                                      –I


                       subsequent short strokes




                  negative             t                  negative                      t

          Figure 2.1.7  Possible components of a downward flash



                ±I superimposed                           ±I
                   short strokes
                              short stroke
                                first long                                        long stroke
                                stroke


                  positive or negative   t                  positive or negative        t

                 –I                                       –I
                              subsequent
                              short strokes




                  negative               t                  negative                    t


                ±I
                                single long
                                stroke




                  positive or negative   t

          Figure 2.1.8  Possible components of an upward flash



          18  LIGHTNING PROTECTION GUIDE                             www.dehn-international.com
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